The uninhibited dance rhythms and extravagant costume parades of Carnaval, one of the greatest shows on Earth, which serves to break down social barriers between rich and poor in a country where millions do not even earn the $80 a month minimum wage.
To complement these resources the city has a good transport infrastructure, including two major airports, and world-class hotels that are concentrated in the Copacabana area. Yet, despite these resources, in the last quarter of the twentieth century Rio reached the later stages of the tourism area life cycle and began to suffer from a number of problems. These are related to the fall in tourist demand for Rio, the changing nature of that demand and competition from other, newer destinations. In addition, many of the city’s problems stem from the fact that not only was Rio replaced by Brasilia as the national capital, and the loss of political influence this entails, but also São Paulo has overtaken Rio as a commercial centre. At the same time the city still acts as a magnet for a massive influx of poor rural immigrants, while the rugged topography makes it difficult to carry out physical planning for growth. Aside from the favelas (shanty towns on the hillsides), Rio is divided by the Serra da Carioca mountain range into a northern zone (zona norte) and a southern zone (zona sul), where most of the tourist attractions are situated.
In response to these problems, Rio embarked upon a major regeneration initiative. This fits in well with the Brazilian government’s aims of:
creating a modern and efficient state
reducing social and regional inequalities
modernizing the economy
enhancing Brazil’s competitiveness in world markets.
To complement these resources the city has a good transport infrastructure, including two major airports, and world-class hotels that are concentrated in the Copacabana area. Yet, despite these resources, in the last quarter of the twentieth century Rio reached the later stages of the tourism area life cycle and began to suffer from a number of problems. These are related to the fall in tourist demand for Rio, the changing nature of that demand and competition from other, newer destinations. In addition, many of the city’s problems stem from the fact that not only was Rio replaced by Brasilia as the national capital, and the loss of political influence this entails, but also São Paulo has overtaken Rio as a commercial centre. At the same time the city still acts as a magnet for a massive influx of poor rural immigrants, while the rugged topography makes it difficult to carry out physical planning for growth. Aside from the favelas (shanty towns on the hillsides), Rio is divided by the Serra da Carioca mountain range into a northern zone (zona norte) and a southern zone (zona sul), where most of the tourist attractions are situated.
In response to these problems, Rio embarked upon a major regeneration initiative. This fits in well with the Brazilian government’s aims of:
creating a modern and efficient state
reducing social and regional inequalities
modernizing the economy
enhancing Brazil’s competitiveness in world markets.
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